Freight class is one part of an LTL shipment’s rating information. The NMFC classifies commodities according to their transportability, using density, handling, stowability, and liability. For commodities that are subject to density-based provisions, density can determine the applicable sub-provision and class.
The 13 density-based classes
NMFTA expanded the standard density scale to 13 sub-provisions under Docket 2025-1. The scale below applies to commodities for which the applicable NMFC provision uses those density breaks.
| Density (PCF) | Class |
|---|---|
| Under 1 | 400 |
| 1 – under 2 | 300 |
| 2 – under 4 | 250 |
| 4 – under 6 | 175 |
| 6 – under 8 | 125 |
| 8 – under 10 | 100 |
| 10 – under 12 | 92.5 |
| 12 – under 15 | 85 |
| 15 – under 22.5 | 70 |
| 22.5 – under 30 | 65 |
| 30 – under 35 | 60 |
| 35 – under 50 | 55 |
| 50 and above | 50 |
Why density matters
Density is weight divided by cubic feet. NMFTA describes density as an important factor in classification, particularly for items with density-based classifications. In general, a denser handling unit falls into a lower class on the density scale than the same item at a lower density.
Density is not the whole classification
The NMFC is not a universal “enter the dimensions and get the official class” system. Some commodities have provisions that account for handling, stowability, liability, packaging, or other characteristics. That is why Rate Farm calls its result an estimated class rather than an official NMFC classification.
What Rate Farm is calculating
Rate Farm calculates density from the dimensions and weight you enter, then maps that density to the published 13-tier density scale. It does not contain the proprietary ClassIT+ commodity database, so it cannot determine the correct NMFC item for every commodity.
If your freight is unusual, fragile, used or reconditioned, high-value, irregularly shaped, or otherwise subject to special handling considerations, use the density estimate as a starting point and verify the applicable NMFC item with the carrier, broker, or NMFTA resource.
Sources & methodology
The sources above are the basis for the classification statements on this page. Rate Farm is not affiliated with or endorsed by NMFTA.
Use the density estimate as a preparation check before you request a quote.
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